how far can a tsunami travel inland

The distance a tsunami can travel inland depends on several factors, including:

1. Wave height and energy: The higher the wave, the more energy it has to travel inland. Tsunamis with wave heights of over 10 meters (33 feet) can travel farther inland than smaller waves.
2. Coastal topography: The shape and elevation of the coastline can either amplify or reduce the impact of a tsunami. A tsunami can travel farther inland in areas with a gentle slope or a low-lying coastal plain.
3. Land use and vegetation: Areas with dense vegetation or urban development can slow down or block the flow of a tsunami, while open areas like beaches or fields can allow it to travel farther inland.
4. Water volume and inundation: The amount of water that inundates the land can also impact the distance a tsunami travels inland.

That being said, here are some general estimates of how far a tsunami can travel inland:

• Low-lying coastal areas: 1-5 kilometers (0.6-3.1 miles) inland
• Flat coastal plains: 5-10 kilometers (3.1-6.2 miles) inland
• River valleys and estuaries: 10-20 kilometers (6.2-12.4 miles) inland
• Areas with high wave heights: up to 30 kilometers (18.6 miles) inland or more

Some notable examples of tsunamis that traveled far inland include:

• The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, which traveled up to 10 kilometers (6.2 miles) inland in some areas of Thailand and Indonesia.
• The 2011 Tohoku earthquake tsunami in Japan, which traveled up to 10 kilometers (6.2 miles) inland in some areas and reached as far as 5 kilometers (3.1 miles) inland in the city of Sendai.
• The 1952 Kamchatka tsunami in Russia, which traveled up to 20 kilometers (12.4 miles) inland in some areas.

Keep in mind that these estimates are rough and can vary greatly depending on the specific circumstances of each tsunami event.