how far can a 2×10 span without support
The distance a 2×10 can span without support depends on several factors, including:
- Load: The weight and type of load it will be carrying (e.g., roof, floor, or wall).
- Grade: The type and quality of the lumber (e.g., #2, #1, or select structural).
- Orientation: Whether the 2×10 is used as a joist (horizontal) or a rafter (angled).
- Spacing: The distance between adjacent 2x10s.
Here are some general guidelines for 2×10 spans without support:
Floor Joists:
- For a residential floor with a 40 psf (pounds per square foot) live load and a 10 psf dead load, a 2×10 can span:
- Up to 15 feet 9 inches for #2 grade lumber, spaced 16 inches on center.
- Up to 17 feet 9 inches for #1 grade lumber, spaced 16 inches on center.
- For a commercial floor with a 50 psf live load and a 20 psf dead load, a 2×10 can span:
- Up to 13 feet 9 inches for #2 grade lumber, spaced 16 inches on center.
- Up to 15 feet 9 inches for #1 grade lumber, spaced 16 inches on center.
Roof Rafters:
- For a residential roof with a 20 psf live load and a 10 psf dead load, a 2×10 can span:
- Up to 19 feet 9 inches for #2 grade lumber, spaced 16 inches on center.
- Up to 22 feet 9 inches for #1 grade lumber, spaced 16 inches on center.
- For a commercial roof with a 30 psf live load and a 20 psf dead load, a 2×10 can span:
- Up to 16 feet 9 inches for #2 grade lumber, spaced 16 inches on center.
- Up to 19 feet 9 inches for #1 grade lumber, spaced 16 inches on center.
Ceiling Joists:
- For a residential ceiling with a 10 psf live load and a 5 psf dead load, a 2×10 can span:
- Up to 20 feet 9 inches for #2 grade lumber, spaced 16 inches on center.
- Up to 24 feet 9 inches for #1 grade lumber, spaced 16 inches on center.
Keep in mind that these are general guidelines and may not apply to your specific situation. It’s always best to consult with a structural engineer or a qualified builder to determine the safe span for your specific project.
